Effect of coronary angiography on kidney function in patients with normal and raised serum creatinine

Abstract

Objective: To assess the impact of coronary angiography on patients with stable coronary artery disease and advanced chronic kidney disease.

Method: The descriptive, retrospective study was conducted from February 2022 to June 2023 at the Indus Hospital Health Network, Karachi, and comprised data from January 2015 to December 2021 of all patients regardless of age and gender who had renal dysfunction with a serum creatinine of >1.5mg/dl who underwent coronary angiography. Data was analysed using SPSS 26.

Results: Of the 5,376 patients, 3,630(67.5%) were male and 1,746(32.5%) were female. The overall mean age was 55.1±10.3 (range: 18-94 years). Hypertension was the most frequent comorbid 3,405(63.3%), followed by diabetes mellitus 2,084(38.8%). The patients' mean creatinine levels significantly increased after angiography (p<0.05). Female gender, old age, diabetes, hypertension, congestive cardiac failure, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular accident and glomerular filtration rate had significant association with contrast-induced nephropathy (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Contrast-induced nephropathy was found to be an important cause of acute renal dysfunction. Female gender, advanced age, low glomerular filtration rate at the time of procedure, and comorbid conditions were associated with contrast-induced nephropathy.

Key Words: Contrast media, Acute kidney injury, Coronary artery disease, Nephropathy.