Afridi , H., Rasul, S., Wakil, R., Ali, R., Afzal, M. and Effendi, C. 2026. Frequency and intraoperative reasons leading to conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy in a tertiary care hospital at Karachi. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association. 76, 10 (Oct. 2026), 1685–1688. DOI:https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.31618.